On This Day

What Happened on

A complete timeline of historical events, famous births, notable deaths, and holidays that occurred on March 31 throughout history.

103

Events

17

Births

5

Deaths

Historical Events on March 31

Bernard of Clairvaux preaches his famous sermon in a field at Vézelay, urging the necessity of a Second Crusade. Louis V

Bernard of Clairvaux preaches his famous sermon in a field at Vézelay, urging the necessity of a Second Crusade. Louis VII and Eleanor of Aquitaine are present and join the Crusade.

Queen Isabella I of Castile and King Ferdinand II of Aragon issue the Alhambra Decree expelling Jews from their kingdoms

The Alhambra Decree (also known as the Edict of Expulsion; Spanish: Decreto de la Alhambra, Edicto de Granada) was an edict issued on 31 March 1492 by the joint Catholic Monarchs of Spain, Isabella I...

English Parliament presents the Humble Petition and Advice to Lord Protector Oliver Cromwell, offering him the crown, bu

English Parliament presents the Humble Petition and Advice to Lord Protector Oliver Cromwell, offering him the crown, but he declines

Eiffel Tower officially opens for dignitaries and an award ceremony in Paris, France; designed by Gustave Eiffel and bui

Eiffel Tower officially opens for dignitaries and an award ceremony in Paris, France; designed by Gustave Eiffel and built for the Exposition Universelle, at 300 meters high, it holds the record for the tallest man-made structure for 41 years

British Parliament accepts the Government of Ireland Act, known as the Fourth Home Rule Bill

The Government of Ireland Act 1920 (10 & 11 Geo. 5. c. 67) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

The Motion Pictures Production Code is instituted, imposing strict guidelines on the treatment of sex, crime, religion a

The Motion Pictures Production Code is instituted, imposing strict guidelines on the treatment of sex, crime, religion and violence in film for the next 38 years

1st Golden Raspberry Awards: "Can't Stop the Music" wins

The 1st Golden Raspberry Awards were held on March 31, 1981, at founder John J. B. Wilson's living room alcove to recognize the worst the film industry had to offer in 1980.

Jimi Hendrix first burns his guitar (and his fingers) at Finsbury Park Astoria theatre in London; the guitar is sold at

Jimi Hendrix first burns his guitar (and his fingers) at Finsbury Park Astoria theatre in London; the guitar is sold at auction for nearly $500K, the building is currently a church

Test cricket debut of feared Australian fast bowler Fred "The Demon" Spofforth; Australia loses the second Test by four

Test cricket debut of feared Australian fast bowler Fred "The Demon" Spofforth; Australia loses the second Test by four wickets to England at the Melbourne Cricket Ground

Roman Emperor Constantine I marries Fausta, daughter of the Emperor Maximian, later murdering her in 326

Roman Emperor Constantine I marries Fausta, daughter of the Emperor Maximian, later murdering her in 326

Religious leader Brigham Young (32) weds herbalist Mary Ann Angell (27)

Religious leader Brigham Young (32) weds herbalist Mary Ann Angell (27)

Actor Yul Brynner (39) weds fashion house executive Doris Kleiner (32) in Mexico City; divorce in 1967

Actor Yul Brynner (39) weds fashion house executive Doris Kleiner (32) in Mexico City; divorce in 1967

"Dawson's Creek" actor James Van Der Beek (32) divorces actress Heather Ann McComb (33) after almost 7 years of marriage

"Dawson's Creek" actor James Van Der Beek (32) divorces actress Heather Ann McComb (33) after almost 7 years of marriage

Bollywood star Karisma Kapoor (41) divorces businessman Sunjay Kapur (44) after 12 years of marriage

Bollywood star Karisma Kapoor (41) divorces businessman Sunjay Kapur (44) after 12 years of marriage

Anti-pope Clement crowns German King Hendrik IV as Holy Roman Emperor

Anti-pope Clement crowns German King Hendrik IV as Holy Roman Emperor

France & Spain sign truce

France & Spain sign truce

Pope Urbanus VIII and Duke of Parma sign Peace of Ferrara

Pope Urbanus VIII and Duke of Parma sign Peace of Ferrara

Great earthquake at Cuzco, Peru

Great earthquake at Cuzco, Peru

France & England sign anti-Dutch military accord

France & England sign anti-Dutch military accord

Holy Roman Emperor Leopold I and King John III Sobieski of Poland sign a covenant against Turkey, beginning of the Holy

Holy Roman Emperor Leopold I and King John III Sobieski of Poland sign a covenant against Turkey, beginning of the Holy League

A sermon on "The Nature of the Kingdom of Christ" by Benjamin Hoadly, the Bishop of Bangor, provokes the Bangorian Contr

A sermon on "The Nature of the Kingdom of Christ" by Benjamin Hoadly, the Bishop of Bangor, provokes the Bangorian Controversy

Bellevue Hospital founded in a New York City almshouse - 1st public hospital in the US

New York, often called New York City (NYC), is the most populous city in the United States.

Jews are expelled from Prague

Prague is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic and the historical capital of Bohemia.

French created Kingdom of Westphalia orders Jews to adopt family names

French created Kingdom of Westphalia orders Jews to adopt family names

Massacre of the population of the Greek island of Chios by soldiers of the Ottoman Empire following a rebellion attempt,

Massacre of the population of the Greek island of Chios by soldiers of the Ottoman Empire following a rebellion attempt, (later depicted by artist Eugène Delacroix)

Mainzer Rijnvaart Convention ends

Mainzer Rijnvaart Convention ends

Colonel John W Geary arrives as 1st postmaster of San Francisco

John White Geary (December 30, 1819 – February 8, 1873) was an American lawyer, politician, Freemason, and a Union general in the American Civil War.

US population hits 23,191,876 (Black population: 3,638,808 (15.7%))

US population hits 23,191,876 (Black population: 3,638,808 (15.7%))

Treaty of Kanagawa: Commodore Perry forces Japan to opens ports to US

Matthew Calbraith Perry (April 10, 1794 – March 4, 1858) was a United States Navy officer who commanded ships in several wars, including the War of 1812 and the Mexican–American War.

Confederacy takes over mint at New Orleans (US Civil War)

The New Orleans Mint (French: Monnaie de La Nouvelle-Orléans) operated in New Orleans, Louisiana, as a branch mint of the United States Mint from 1838 to 1861 and from 1879 to 1909.

Civil War action at Island #10 on Mississippi River

The Battle of Island Number Ten was an engagement at the New Madrid or Kentucky Bend on the Mississippi River – forming the border between Missouri and Tennessee – during the American Civil War,...

Battle of Grand Gulf, Mississippi and Dinwiddie Court House, Virginia

Battle of Grand Gulf, Mississippi and Dinwiddie Court House, Virginia

Battle of Boydton, Virginia (White Oaks Roads, Dinwiddie C H)

The Battle of Dinwiddie Court House was fought on March 31, 1865, during the American Civil War at the end of the Richmond-Petersburg Campaign and in the beginning stage of the Appomattox Campaign.

The Spanish navy bombards the harbor of Valparaíso, Chile

Valparaíso is a major city, commune, seaport, and naval base facility in the Valparaíso Region of Chile.

Chinese Embassy arrives aboard steamship China

Chinese Embassy arrives aboard steamship China

Thomas Mundy Peterson of Perth Amboy, New Jersey, is the first African American to vote in the US under the provisions o

Thomas Mundy Peterson of Perth Amboy, New Jersey, is the first African American to vote in the US under the provisions of the 15th Amendment to the Constitution in a local election on the town's charter [1]

British High Commissioner Sir Bartle Frere arrives in Capetown

British High Commissioner Sir Bartle Frere arrives in Capetown

1st town to claim to be completely illuminated by electric lighting (Wabash, Indiana)

1st town to claim to be completely illuminated by electric lighting (Wabash, Indiana)

1st performance of Caesar Franck's symphonic poem for orchestra "Le Chasseur Maudit" (The Accursed Huntsman) at the Sall

1st performance of Caesar Franck's symphonic poem for orchestra "Le Chasseur Maudit" (The Accursed Huntsman) at the Salle Érard in Paris

Great Britain declares Bechuanaland a protectorate

Great Britain declares Bechuanaland a protectorate

At " Surprise of Sanna’s Post" in the Second Boer War 150 troops under Brigadier General Robert Broadwood are killed

At " Surprise of Sanna’s Post" in the Second Boer War 150 troops under Brigadier General Robert Broadwood are killed

Richard Pearse flies a monoplane several hundred yards in New Zealand

Richard Pearse flies a monoplane several hundred yards in New Zealand

Romanian Army puts down Moldavian farmers' revolt

Romanian Army puts down Moldavian farmers' revolt

Dutch government ends all military engagements

Dutch government ends all military engagements

The Danish West Indies are officially ceded to the US for $25 million and renamed the Virgin Islands

The United States Virgin Islands, often abbreviated USVI, are a group of islands and cays located in the Lesser Antilles of the Eastern Caribbean, consisting of three main islands (Saint Croix, Saint...

1st daylight savings time in US goes into effect

1st daylight savings time in US goes into effect

Strike against Ruhrgebied government of Scheidemann

Strike against Ruhrgebied government of Scheidemann

British coal miners goes on strike

British coal miners goes on strike

KFI-AM in Los Angeles CA begins radio transmissions

KFI-AM in Los Angeles CA begins radio transmissions

First dance marathon in New York City; Alma Cummings sets record of 27 hours with 6 different partners

First dance marathon in New York City; Alma Cummings sets record of 27 hours with 6 different partners

Croydon Airport, London: Imperial Airways established

Croydon Airport (ICAO: EGCR) was the United Kingdom's main international airport during the interwar period.

WOWO-AM, Ft Wayne Indiana begins radio transmission (500 watts)

WOWO-AM, Ft Wayne Indiana begins radio transmission (500 watts)

German Special Court of Justice for state security disbands

German Special Court of Justice for state security disbands

Brilliant Notre Dame football coach Knute Rockne (43) is killed with 7 others when light plane crashes on trip from Kans

Brilliant Notre Dame football coach Knute Rockne (43) is killed with 7 others when light plane crashes on trip from Kansas City to Los Angeles; record 105-12-5 @ .881 remains best ever

wild swans die in Niagara Falls

wild swans die in Niagara Falls

"Soperton News" publishes 1st newspaper on pine pulp paper, in Soperton, Georgia

"Soperton News" publishes 1st newspaper on pine pulp paper, in Soperton, Georgia

Netherlands Indies BC Ltd begins radio transmission (Indonesia)

Netherlands Indies BC Ltd begins radio transmission (Indonesia)

Karelo-Finnish SSR becomes 12th Soviet republic (until 1956)

Karelo-Finnish SSR becomes 12th Soviet republic (until 1956)

Ground broken for Union Square Garage, San Francisco

Ground broken for Union Square Garage, San Francisco

US errantly bombs Rotterdam, kills 326

US errantly bombs Rotterdam, kills 326

Hungary orders all Jews to wear yellow stars

Hungary orders all Jews to wear yellow stars

3rd Algerian division crosses the Rhine

3rd Algerian division crosses the Rhine

Belgian government of Acker forms

The Van Acker I Government was the government coalition in the Kingdom of Belgium from 1945-1946, after the fall of Hubert Pierlot's 6th coalition government in the aftermath of the Second World War.

US Congress passes Marshall Aid Act to rehabilitate war-torn Europe

The Marshall Plan (officially the European Recovery Program, ERP) was an American initiative enacted in 1948 to provide foreign aid to Western Europe.

Newfoundland becomes Canada's 10th province

The premier of Newfoundland and Labrador is current title of the first minister for the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador, which was at certain points in its history a colony, dominion,...

US tanks exceed 38° of latitude in Korea

US tanks exceed 38° of latitude in Korea

USSR offers to join NATO

USSR offers to join NATO

Merger of Chase National Bank (3rd largest bank) and Bank of the Manhattan Company (15th largest bank) forms Chase Manha

Merger of Chase National Bank (3rd largest bank) and Bank of the Manhattan Company (15th largest bank) forms Chase Manhattan

US Navy forms atomic submarine division

US Navy forms atomic submarine division

First Nations people first granted the right to vote in Canada, without giving up their Indian status, in repeal of part

First Nations people first granted the right to vote in Canada, without giving up their Indian status, in repeal of part of Canada Elections Act [1]

Aklilou Habtewold becomes 1st premier of Ethiopia

Tsehafi Taezaz Aklilu Habte-Wold was an Ethiopian statesman and politician who served as Prime Minister of Ethiopia during the reign of Emperor Haile Selassie I from 1961 to 1974 until his...

LA ends streetcar service after 90 years

LA ends streetcar service after 90 years

Iberia Airlines Convair 440 crashes into the sea on approach to Tangier killing 47 of 51 occupants

Iberia Airlines Convair 440 crashes into the sea on approach to Tangier killing 47 of 51 occupants

25,000 anti war demonstrators march in NYC

25,000 anti war demonstrators march in NYC

Pirate Radio Station Pegaus (NZ) begins transmitting

Pirate Radio Station Pegaus (NZ) begins transmitting

Explorer 1 re-enters the Earth's atmosphere after 12 years in orbit

Explorer 1 re-enters the Earth's atmosphere after 12 years in orbit

South Africa national debt hits 5.45 billion

South Africa national debt hits 5.45 billion

Cleveland Cavaliers beat Jazz, 110-101 in New Orleans to clinch club's first ever NBA playoff berth

Cleveland Cavaliers beat Jazz, 110-101 in New Orleans to clinch club's first ever NBA playoff berth

Michael Cristofer's play "Shadow Box" premieres in NYC (Tony award for Best Play 1977)

Michael Cristofer's play "Shadow Box" premieres in NYC (Tony award for Best Play 1977)

USSR launches Kosmos 1000 navigational satellite

USSR launches Kosmos 1000 navigational satellite

Montreal Canadiens beat visiting Pittsburgh Penguins, 5-3 to become just the 2nd team in NHL history to win 50 (or more)

Montreal Canadiens beat visiting Pittsburgh Penguins, 5-3 to become just the 2nd team in NHL history to win 50 (or more) games for 4 straight years

American rock group The Doobie Brothers split up

American rock group The Doobie Brothers split up

15th Easter Seal Telethon raises $27,400,000

15th Easter Seal Telethon raises $27,400,000

English Hampton Court palace badly damaged by fire, 1 dead

English Hampton Court palace badly damaged by fire, 1 dead

Last East Limburg coal mine closes in Gent Belgium

Last East Limburg coal mine closes in Gent Belgium

Albania hold first multi-party election in 50 years

Albania hold first multi-party election in 50 years

Phoenix coach Cotton Fitzsimmons guides the Suns to a 128-111 home win over Portland to become the 6th coach in NBA hist

Phoenix coach Cotton Fitzsimmons guides the Suns to a 128-111 home win over Portland to become the 6th coach in NBA history to record 800 career wins

Actor James Farentino pleads no contest to stalking ex-girlfriend Tina Sinatra

Actor James Farentino pleads no contest to stalking ex-girlfriend Tina Sinatra

Federal judge Sonia Sotomayor of US District Court in NYC issues an injunction against Major League Baseball owners in m

Federal judge Sonia Sotomayor of US District Court in NYC issues an injunction against Major League Baseball owners in move that effectively ends 232-day strike

First time in MLB history, the regular season opens in March with Seattle Mariners beating Chicago White Sox, 3-2 in 12

First time in MLB history, the regular season opens in March with Seattle Mariners beating Chicago White Sox, 3-2 in 12 innings at the Kingdome, Seattle

"Daytime to Remember" a series showing old soaps premieres on ABC-TV

"Daytime to Remember" a series showing old soaps premieres on ABC-TV

Expansion clubs, Tampa Bay and Arizona both suffer bad losses in their MLB debuts; Devil Rays lose, 11-6 to the Detroit

Expansion clubs, Tampa Bay and Arizona both suffer bad losses in their MLB debuts; Devil Rays lose, 11-6 to the Detroit Tigers and the Diamondbacks fall, 9-2 to Colorado Rockies

Australian swimmer Lisbeth Lenton breaks Inge de Bruijn's 4-year old 100m freestyle women's world record in 53.66s at th

Australian swimmer Lisbeth Lenton breaks Inge de Bruijn's 4-year old 100m freestyle women's world record in 53.66s at the Australian Olympic trials in Sydney

In Sydney, Australia, 2.2 million people take part in the first Earth Hour.

Earth Hour is a worldwide movement organized by the World Wildlife Fund (WWF). The event is held annually, encouraging the individuals, communities, and businesses to give an hour for Earth, and...

Aloha Airlines, a bankrupt airline, permanently ends passenger service

Skyway Airlines was an American ramp and aircraft ground handling services and catering company based in Oak Creek, Wisconsin.

"Boom Boom Pow" single released by The Black Eyed Peas (Grammy Award for Best Music Video 2010, Billboard Song of the Ye

"Boom Boom Pow" single released by The Black Eyed Peas (Grammy Award for Best Music Video 2010, Billboard Song of the Year 2009)

Fiji Floods kill 2 people and force thousands to be evacuated

Fiji Floods kill 2 people and force thousands to be evacuated

11 people are killed in flooding at Port Louis, Mauritius

Mauritius, officially the Republic of Mauritius, is an island country in the Indian Ocean, located about 2,000 kilometres (1,100 nautical miles) off the southeastern coast of East Africa, east of...

Mudslides caused by heavy rains sweep through Mocoa, Colombia killing more than 200

Mudslides caused by heavy rains sweep through Mocoa, Colombia killing more than 200

British pensioner Robert Weighton becomes the world's oldest man at 112 years

British pensioner Robert Weighton becomes the world's oldest man at 112 years

Alfred Aho and Jeffrey Ullman win computing's Turing Award for their work inventing computer program compilers

The ACM A. M. Turing Award is an annual prize given by the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) for contributions of lasting and major technical importance to computer science.

First truly complete sequence of a human genome published by Telomere-to-Telomere (T2T) consortium, after breakthroughs

First truly complete sequence of a human genome published by Telomere-to-Telomere (T2T) consortium, after breakthroughs in new technology (previously just over 90% coded) [1]

Large storm system crosses the mid US from Mississippi and Alabama to Illinois and Wisconsin, unleashing numerous tornad

Large storm system crosses the mid US from Mississippi and Alabama to Illinois and Wisconsin, unleashing numerous tornadoes and leaving at least 32 dead [1]

Famous Births on March 31

birth

Henry II is born

Henry II is born

birth

Benjamin Baker is born

Benjamin Baker is born

birth

Cesar Chavez is born

Cesar Chavez, American civil rights activist, known for american civil rights activist, was born on 1927-03-31. Cesario Estrada Chavez was an American labor leader and civil rights activist.

birth

Liz Claiborne is born

Liz Claiborne, American fashion designer, known for american fashion designer, was born on 1929-03-31.

birth

Al Gore is born

Al Gore is born

birth

Shirley Jones is born

Shirley Jones, American actress and singer, known for american actress and singer, was born on 1935-03-31. Shirley Mae Jones is an American actress and singer.

birth

Christopher Walken is born

Christopher Walken, American actor, known for american actor, was born on 1944-03-31. Christopher Walken is an American actor.

birth

Ewan McGregor is born

Ewan McGregor, Scottish actor, known for scottish actor, was born on 1972-03-31. Ewan Gordon McGregor ( YOO-ən; born 31 March 1971) is a Scottish actor.

birth

Chloé Zhao is born

Chloé Zhao, Chinese chinese-born filmmaker, known for chinese-born filmmaker, was born on 1983-03-31. Chloé Zhao is a Chinese filmmaker. She is known primarily for her work on independent films.

birth

Johann Sebastian Bach is born

Johann Sebastian Bach musician, known for german composer, was born on 1685-03-31. Johann Sebastian Bach (31 March [O.S.

birth

Joseph Haydn is born

Joseph Haydn, Austrian musician, known for austrian composer, was born on 1732-03-31. Franz Joseph Haydn was an Austrian composer of the Classical period.

birth

Herb Alpert is born

Herb Alpert, American musician, known for american musician, was born on 1936-03-31.

birth

Angus Young is born

Angus Young, Australian musician, known for australian musician; lead guitarist of ac/dc, was born on 1956-03-31.

birth

Jack Johnson is born

Jack Johnson, American athlete, known for american boxer, was born on 1878-03-31. John Arthur Johnson (March 31, 1878 – June 10, 1946), nicknamed the "Galveston Giant", was an American boxer who, at…

birth

Gordie Howe is born

Gordie Howe, Canadian athlete, known for canadian ice hockey player, was born on 1928-03-31. Gordon Howe (March 31, 1928 – June 10, 2016) was a Canadian professional ice hockey player.

birth

Pavel Bure is born

Pavel Bure, Russian athlete, known for russian ice hockey player, was born on 1972-03-31.

birth

Arthur Griffith is born

Arthur Griffith, Irish politician and writer, founder of sinn féin, known for irish politician and writer, founder of sinn féin, was born on 1871-03-31.

Notable Deaths on March 31

Frequently Asked Questions

What happened on March 31, 1146?
Bernard of Clairvaux preaches his famous sermon in a field at Vézelay, urging the necessity of a Second Crusade. Louis VII and Eleanor of Aquitaine are present and join the Crusade.
What happened on March 31, 1492?
The Alhambra Decree (also known as the Edict of Expulsion; Spanish: Decreto de la Alhambra, Edicto de Granada) was an edict issued on 31 March 1492 by the joint Catholic Monarchs of Spain, Isabella I...
What happened on March 31, 1657?
English Parliament presents the Humble Petition and Advice to Lord Protector Oliver Cromwell, offering him the crown, but he declines
What happened on March 31, 1889?
Eiffel Tower officially opens for dignitaries and an award ceremony in Paris, France; designed by Gustave Eiffel and built for the Exposition Universelle, at 300 meters high, it holds the record for the tallest man-made structure for 41 years
What happened on March 31, 1920?
The Government of Ireland Act 1920 (10 & 11 Geo. 5. c. 67) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

Complete Timeline — March 31 Through the Ages

  1. Roman Emperor Constantine I marries Fausta, daughter of the Emperor Maximian, later murdering her in 326

    Roman Emperor Constantine I marries Fausta, daughter of the Emperor Maximian, later murdering her in 326

  2. Anti-pope Clement crowns German King Hendrik IV as Holy Roman Emperor

    Anti-pope Clement crowns German King Hendrik IV as Holy Roman Emperor

  3. Bernard of Clairvaux preaches his famous sermon in a field at Vézelay, urging the necessity of a Second Crusade. Louis V

    Bernard of Clairvaux preaches his famous sermon in a field at Vézelay, urging the necessity of a Second Crusade. Louis VII and Eleanor of Aquitaine are present and join the Crusade.

  4. Queen Isabella I of Castile and King Ferdinand II of Aragon issue the Alhambra Decree expelling Jews from their kingdoms

    The Alhambra Decree (also known as the Edict of Expulsion; Spanish: Decreto de la Alhambra, Edicto de Granada) was an edict issued on 31 March 1492 by the joint Catholic Monarchs of Spain, Isabella I...

  5. France & Spain sign truce

    France & Spain sign truce

  6. Henry II is born

    Henry II is born

  7. Francis I of France dies

    Francis I of France dies

  8. Pope Urbanus VIII and Duke of Parma sign Peace of Ferrara

    Pope Urbanus VIII and Duke of Parma sign Peace of Ferrara

  9. Great earthquake at Cuzco, Peru

    Great earthquake at Cuzco, Peru

  10. English Parliament presents the Humble Petition and Advice to Lord Protector Oliver Cromwell, offering him the crown, bu

    English Parliament presents the Humble Petition and Advice to Lord Protector Oliver Cromwell, offering him the crown, but he declines

  11. France & England sign anti-Dutch military accord

    France & England sign anti-Dutch military accord

  12. Holy Roman Emperor Leopold I and King John III Sobieski of Poland sign a covenant against Turkey, beginning of the Holy

    Holy Roman Emperor Leopold I and King John III Sobieski of Poland sign a covenant against Turkey, beginning of the Holy League

  13. Johann Sebastian Bach is born

    Johann Sebastian Bach musician, known for german composer, was born on 1685-03-31. Johann Sebastian Bach (31 March [O.S.

  14. A sermon on "The Nature of the Kingdom of Christ" by Benjamin Hoadly, the Bishop of Bangor, provokes the Bangorian Contr

    A sermon on "The Nature of the Kingdom of Christ" by Benjamin Hoadly, the Bishop of Bangor, provokes the Bangorian Controversy

  15. Joseph Haydn is born

    Joseph Haydn, Austrian musician, known for austrian composer, was born on 1732-03-31. Franz Joseph Haydn was an Austrian composer of the Classical period.

  16. Bellevue Hospital founded in a New York City almshouse - 1st public hospital in the US

    New York, often called New York City (NYC), is the most populous city in the United States.

  17. Jews are expelled from Prague

    Prague is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic and the historical capital of Bohemia.

  18. French created Kingdom of Westphalia orders Jews to adopt family names

    French created Kingdom of Westphalia orders Jews to adopt family names

  19. Massacre of the population of the Greek island of Chios by soldiers of the Ottoman Empire following a rebellion attempt,

    Massacre of the population of the Greek island of Chios by soldiers of the Ottoman Empire following a rebellion attempt, (later depicted by artist Eugène Delacroix)

  20. Mainzer Rijnvaart Convention ends

    Mainzer Rijnvaart Convention ends

  21. Religious leader Brigham Young (32) weds herbalist Mary Ann Angell (27)

    Religious leader Brigham Young (32) weds herbalist Mary Ann Angell (27)

  22. Benjamin Baker is born

    Benjamin Baker is born

  23. Colonel John W Geary arrives as 1st postmaster of San Francisco

    John White Geary (December 30, 1819 – February 8, 1873) was an American lawyer, politician, Freemason, and a Union general in the American Civil War.

  24. US population hits 23,191,876 (Black population: 3,638,808 (15.7%))

    US population hits 23,191,876 (Black population: 3,638,808 (15.7%))

  25. Treaty of Kanagawa: Commodore Perry forces Japan to opens ports to US

    Matthew Calbraith Perry (April 10, 1794 – March 4, 1858) was a United States Navy officer who commanded ships in several wars, including the War of 1812 and the Mexican–American War.

  26. Charlotte Brontë dies

    Charlotte Brontë, English novelist and poet, known for english novelist and poet, died on 1855-03-31.

  27. Confederacy takes over mint at New Orleans (US Civil War)

    The New Orleans Mint (French: Monnaie de La Nouvelle-Orléans) operated in New Orleans, Louisiana, as a branch mint of the United States Mint from 1838 to 1861 and from 1879 to 1909.

  28. Civil War action at Island #10 on Mississippi River

    The Battle of Island Number Ten was an engagement at the New Madrid or Kentucky Bend on the Mississippi River – forming the border between Missouri and Tennessee – during the American Civil War,...

  29. Battle of Grand Gulf, Mississippi and Dinwiddie Court House, Virginia

    Battle of Grand Gulf, Mississippi and Dinwiddie Court House, Virginia

  30. Battle of Boydton, Virginia (White Oaks Roads, Dinwiddie C H)

    The Battle of Dinwiddie Court House was fought on March 31, 1865, during the American Civil War at the end of the Richmond-Petersburg Campaign and in the beginning stage of the Appomattox Campaign.

  31. The Spanish navy bombards the harbor of Valparaíso, Chile

    Valparaíso is a major city, commune, seaport, and naval base facility in the Valparaíso Region of Chile.

  32. Chinese Embassy arrives aboard steamship China

    Chinese Embassy arrives aboard steamship China

  33. Thomas Mundy Peterson of Perth Amboy, New Jersey, is the first African American to vote in the US under the provisions o

    Thomas Mundy Peterson of Perth Amboy, New Jersey, is the first African American to vote in the US under the provisions of the 15th Amendment to the Constitution in a local election on the town's charter [1]

  34. Arthur Griffith is born

    Arthur Griffith, Irish politician and writer, founder of sinn féin, known for irish politician and writer, founder of sinn féin, was born on 1871-03-31.

  35. Test cricket debut of feared Australian fast bowler Fred "The Demon" Spofforth; Australia loses the second Test by four

    Test cricket debut of feared Australian fast bowler Fred "The Demon" Spofforth; Australia loses the second Test by four wickets to England at the Melbourne Cricket Ground

  36. British High Commissioner Sir Bartle Frere arrives in Capetown

    British High Commissioner Sir Bartle Frere arrives in Capetown

  37. Jack Johnson is born

    Jack Johnson, American athlete, known for american boxer, was born on 1878-03-31. John Arthur Johnson (March 31, 1878 – June 10, 1946), nicknamed the "Galveston Giant", was an American boxer who, at…

  38. 1st town to claim to be completely illuminated by electric lighting (Wabash, Indiana)

    1st town to claim to be completely illuminated by electric lighting (Wabash, Indiana)

  39. 1st performance of Caesar Franck's symphonic poem for orchestra "Le Chasseur Maudit" (The Accursed Huntsman) at the Sall

    1st performance of Caesar Franck's symphonic poem for orchestra "Le Chasseur Maudit" (The Accursed Huntsman) at the Salle Érard in Paris

  40. Great Britain declares Bechuanaland a protectorate

    Great Britain declares Bechuanaland a protectorate

  41. Eiffel Tower officially opens for dignitaries and an award ceremony in Paris, France; designed by Gustave Eiffel and bui

    Eiffel Tower officially opens for dignitaries and an award ceremony in Paris, France; designed by Gustave Eiffel and built for the Exposition Universelle, at 300 meters high, it holds the record for the tallest man-made structure for 41 years

  42. At " Surprise of Sanna’s Post" in the Second Boer War 150 troops under Brigadier General Robert Broadwood are killed

    At " Surprise of Sanna’s Post" in the Second Boer War 150 troops under Brigadier General Robert Broadwood are killed

  43. Richard Pearse flies a monoplane several hundred yards in New Zealand

    Richard Pearse flies a monoplane several hundred yards in New Zealand

  44. Romanian Army puts down Moldavian farmers' revolt

    Romanian Army puts down Moldavian farmers' revolt

  45. J. P. Morgan dies

    J. P. Morgan financier, banker, and art collector, known for american financier, banker, and art collector, died on 1913-03-31. John Pierpont Morgan Sr.

  46. Dutch government ends all military engagements

    Dutch government ends all military engagements

  47. The Danish West Indies are officially ceded to the US for $25 million and renamed the Virgin Islands

    The United States Virgin Islands, often abbreviated USVI, are a group of islands and cays located in the Lesser Antilles of the Eastern Caribbean, consisting of three main islands (Saint Croix, Saint...

  48. 1st daylight savings time in US goes into effect

    1st daylight savings time in US goes into effect

  49. Strike against Ruhrgebied government of Scheidemann

    Strike against Ruhrgebied government of Scheidemann

  50. British Parliament accepts the Government of Ireland Act, known as the Fourth Home Rule Bill

    The Government of Ireland Act 1920 (10 & 11 Geo. 5. c. 67) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

  51. British coal miners goes on strike

    British coal miners goes on strike

  52. KFI-AM in Los Angeles CA begins radio transmissions

    KFI-AM in Los Angeles CA begins radio transmissions

  53. First dance marathon in New York City; Alma Cummings sets record of 27 hours with 6 different partners

    First dance marathon in New York City; Alma Cummings sets record of 27 hours with 6 different partners

  54. Croydon Airport, London: Imperial Airways established

    Croydon Airport (ICAO: EGCR) was the United Kingdom's main international airport during the interwar period.

  55. WOWO-AM, Ft Wayne Indiana begins radio transmission (500 watts)

    WOWO-AM, Ft Wayne Indiana begins radio transmission (500 watts)

  56. German Special Court of Justice for state security disbands

    German Special Court of Justice for state security disbands

  57. Cesar Chavez is born

    Cesar Chavez, American civil rights activist, known for american civil rights activist, was born on 1927-03-31. Cesario Estrada Chavez was an American labor leader and civil rights activist.

  58. Gordie Howe is born

    Gordie Howe, Canadian athlete, known for canadian ice hockey player, was born on 1928-03-31. Gordon Howe (March 31, 1928 – June 10, 2016) was a Canadian professional ice hockey player.

  59. Liz Claiborne is born

    Liz Claiborne, American fashion designer, known for american fashion designer, was born on 1929-03-31.

  60. The Motion Pictures Production Code is instituted, imposing strict guidelines on the treatment of sex, crime, religion a

    The Motion Pictures Production Code is instituted, imposing strict guidelines on the treatment of sex, crime, religion and violence in film for the next 38 years

  61. Brilliant Notre Dame football coach Knute Rockne (43) is killed with 7 others when light plane crashes on trip from Kans

    Brilliant Notre Dame football coach Knute Rockne (43) is killed with 7 others when light plane crashes on trip from Kansas City to Los Angeles; record 105-12-5 @ .881 remains best ever

  62. wild swans die in Niagara Falls

    wild swans die in Niagara Falls

  63. "Soperton News" publishes 1st newspaper on pine pulp paper, in Soperton, Georgia

    "Soperton News" publishes 1st newspaper on pine pulp paper, in Soperton, Georgia

  64. Netherlands Indies BC Ltd begins radio transmission (Indonesia)

    Netherlands Indies BC Ltd begins radio transmission (Indonesia)

  65. Shirley Jones is born

    Shirley Jones, American actress and singer, known for american actress and singer, was born on 1935-03-31. Shirley Mae Jones is an American actress and singer.

  66. Herb Alpert is born

    Herb Alpert, American musician, known for american musician, was born on 1936-03-31.

  67. Karelo-Finnish SSR becomes 12th Soviet republic (until 1956)

    Karelo-Finnish SSR becomes 12th Soviet republic (until 1956)

  68. Ground broken for Union Square Garage, San Francisco

    Ground broken for Union Square Garage, San Francisco

  69. US errantly bombs Rotterdam, kills 326

    US errantly bombs Rotterdam, kills 326

  70. Hungary orders all Jews to wear yellow stars

    Hungary orders all Jews to wear yellow stars

  71. Christopher Walken is born

    Christopher Walken, American actor, known for american actor, was born on 1944-03-31. Christopher Walken is an American actor.

  72. 3rd Algerian division crosses the Rhine

    3rd Algerian division crosses the Rhine

  73. Hans Fischer dies

    Hans Fischer, German chemist, known for german chemist, died on 1945-03-31. Hans Fischer was a German organic chemist and the recipient of the 1930 Nobel Prize for Chemistry "for his researches into…

  74. Belgian government of Acker forms

    The Van Acker I Government was the government coalition in the Kingdom of Belgium from 1945-1946, after the fall of Hubert Pierlot's 6th coalition government in the aftermath of the Second World War.

  75. US Congress passes Marshall Aid Act to rehabilitate war-torn Europe

    The Marshall Plan (officially the European Recovery Program, ERP) was an American initiative enacted in 1948 to provide foreign aid to Western Europe.

  76. Newfoundland becomes Canada's 10th province

    The premier of Newfoundland and Labrador is current title of the first minister for the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador, which was at certain points in its history a colony, dominion,...

  77. Al Gore is born

    Al Gore is born

  78. US tanks exceed 38° of latitude in Korea

    US tanks exceed 38° of latitude in Korea

  79. USSR offers to join NATO

    USSR offers to join NATO

  80. Merger of Chase National Bank (3rd largest bank) and Bank of the Manhattan Company (15th largest bank) forms Chase Manha

    Merger of Chase National Bank (3rd largest bank) and Bank of the Manhattan Company (15th largest bank) forms Chase Manhattan

  81. Angus Young is born

    Angus Young, Australian musician, known for australian musician; lead guitarist of ac/dc, was born on 1956-03-31.

  82. US Navy forms atomic submarine division

    US Navy forms atomic submarine division

  83. Actor Yul Brynner (39) weds fashion house executive Doris Kleiner (32) in Mexico City; divorce in 1967

    Actor Yul Brynner (39) weds fashion house executive Doris Kleiner (32) in Mexico City; divorce in 1967

  84. First Nations people first granted the right to vote in Canada, without giving up their Indian status, in repeal of part

    First Nations people first granted the right to vote in Canada, without giving up their Indian status, in repeal of part of Canada Elections Act [1]

  85. Aklilou Habtewold becomes 1st premier of Ethiopia

    Tsehafi Taezaz Aklilu Habte-Wold was an Ethiopian statesman and politician who served as Prime Minister of Ethiopia during the reign of Emperor Haile Selassie I from 1961 to 1974 until his...

  86. LA ends streetcar service after 90 years

    LA ends streetcar service after 90 years

  87. Iberia Airlines Convair 440 crashes into the sea on approach to Tangier killing 47 of 51 occupants

    Iberia Airlines Convair 440 crashes into the sea on approach to Tangier killing 47 of 51 occupants

  88. 25,000 anti war demonstrators march in NYC

    25,000 anti war demonstrators march in NYC

  89. Jimi Hendrix first burns his guitar (and his fingers) at Finsbury Park Astoria theatre in London; the guitar is sold at

    Jimi Hendrix first burns his guitar (and his fingers) at Finsbury Park Astoria theatre in London; the guitar is sold at auction for nearly $500K, the building is currently a church

  90. Pirate Radio Station Pegaus (NZ) begins transmitting

    Pirate Radio Station Pegaus (NZ) begins transmitting

  91. Explorer 1 re-enters the Earth's atmosphere after 12 years in orbit

    Explorer 1 re-enters the Earth's atmosphere after 12 years in orbit

  92. South Africa national debt hits 5.45 billion

    South Africa national debt hits 5.45 billion

  93. Ewan McGregor is born

    Ewan McGregor, Scottish actor, known for scottish actor, was born on 1972-03-31. Ewan Gordon McGregor ( YOO-ən; born 31 March 1971) is a Scottish actor.

  94. Pavel Bure is born

    Pavel Bure, Russian athlete, known for russian ice hockey player, was born on 1972-03-31.

  95. Cleveland Cavaliers beat Jazz, 110-101 in New Orleans to clinch club's first ever NBA playoff berth

    Cleveland Cavaliers beat Jazz, 110-101 in New Orleans to clinch club's first ever NBA playoff berth

  96. Michael Cristofer's play "Shadow Box" premieres in NYC (Tony award for Best Play 1977)

    Michael Cristofer's play "Shadow Box" premieres in NYC (Tony award for Best Play 1977)

  97. USSR launches Kosmos 1000 navigational satellite

    USSR launches Kosmos 1000 navigational satellite

  98. Montreal Canadiens beat visiting Pittsburgh Penguins, 5-3 to become just the 2nd team in NHL history to win 50 (or more)

    Montreal Canadiens beat visiting Pittsburgh Penguins, 5-3 to become just the 2nd team in NHL history to win 50 (or more) games for 4 straight years

  99. Jesse Owens dies

    Jesse Owens, American track and field athlete, known for american track and field athlete, died on 1980-03-31.

  100. 1st Golden Raspberry Awards: "Can't Stop the Music" wins

    The 1st Golden Raspberry Awards were held on March 31, 1981, at founder John J. B. Wilson's living room alcove to recognize the worst the film industry had to offer in 1980.

  101. American rock group The Doobie Brothers split up

    American rock group The Doobie Brothers split up

  102. Chloé Zhao is born

    Chloé Zhao, Chinese chinese-born filmmaker, known for chinese-born filmmaker, was born on 1983-03-31. Chloé Zhao is a Chinese filmmaker. She is known primarily for her work on independent films.

  103. 15th Easter Seal Telethon raises $27,400,000

    15th Easter Seal Telethon raises $27,400,000

  104. English Hampton Court palace badly damaged by fire, 1 dead

    English Hampton Court palace badly damaged by fire, 1 dead

  105. Last East Limburg coal mine closes in Gent Belgium

    Last East Limburg coal mine closes in Gent Belgium

  106. Albania hold first multi-party election in 50 years

    Albania hold first multi-party election in 50 years

  107. Phoenix coach Cotton Fitzsimmons guides the Suns to a 128-111 home win over Portland to become the 6th coach in NBA hist

    Phoenix coach Cotton Fitzsimmons guides the Suns to a 128-111 home win over Portland to become the 6th coach in NBA history to record 800 career wins

  108. Actor James Farentino pleads no contest to stalking ex-girlfriend Tina Sinatra

    Actor James Farentino pleads no contest to stalking ex-girlfriend Tina Sinatra

  109. Federal judge Sonia Sotomayor of US District Court in NYC issues an injunction against Major League Baseball owners in m

    Federal judge Sonia Sotomayor of US District Court in NYC issues an injunction against Major League Baseball owners in move that effectively ends 232-day strike

  110. First time in MLB history, the regular season opens in March with Seattle Mariners beating Chicago White Sox, 3-2 in 12

    First time in MLB history, the regular season opens in March with Seattle Mariners beating Chicago White Sox, 3-2 in 12 innings at the Kingdome, Seattle

  111. "Daytime to Remember" a series showing old soaps premieres on ABC-TV

    "Daytime to Remember" a series showing old soaps premieres on ABC-TV

  112. Expansion clubs, Tampa Bay and Arizona both suffer bad losses in their MLB debuts; Devil Rays lose, 11-6 to the Detroit

    Expansion clubs, Tampa Bay and Arizona both suffer bad losses in their MLB debuts; Devil Rays lose, 11-6 to the Detroit Tigers and the Diamondbacks fall, 9-2 to Colorado Rockies

  113. Australian swimmer Lisbeth Lenton breaks Inge de Bruijn's 4-year old 100m freestyle women's world record in 53.66s at th

    Australian swimmer Lisbeth Lenton breaks Inge de Bruijn's 4-year old 100m freestyle women's world record in 53.66s at the Australian Olympic trials in Sydney

  114. In Sydney, Australia, 2.2 million people take part in the first Earth Hour.

    Earth Hour is a worldwide movement organized by the World Wildlife Fund (WWF). The event is held annually, encouraging the individuals, communities, and businesses to give an hour for Earth, and...

  115. Aloha Airlines, a bankrupt airline, permanently ends passenger service

    Skyway Airlines was an American ramp and aircraft ground handling services and catering company based in Oak Creek, Wisconsin.

  116. "Boom Boom Pow" single released by The Black Eyed Peas (Grammy Award for Best Music Video 2010, Billboard Song of the Ye

    "Boom Boom Pow" single released by The Black Eyed Peas (Grammy Award for Best Music Video 2010, Billboard Song of the Year 2009)

  117. "Dawson's Creek" actor James Van Der Beek (32) divorces actress Heather Ann McComb (33) after almost 7 years of marriage

    "Dawson's Creek" actor James Van Der Beek (32) divorces actress Heather Ann McComb (33) after almost 7 years of marriage

  118. Fiji Floods kill 2 people and force thousands to be evacuated

    Fiji Floods kill 2 people and force thousands to be evacuated

  119. 11 people are killed in flooding at Port Louis, Mauritius

    Mauritius, officially the Republic of Mauritius, is an island country in the Indian Ocean, located about 2,000 kilometres (1,100 nautical miles) off the southeastern coast of East Africa, east of...

  120. Bollywood star Karisma Kapoor (41) divorces businessman Sunjay Kapur (44) after 12 years of marriage

    Bollywood star Karisma Kapoor (41) divorces businessman Sunjay Kapur (44) after 12 years of marriage

  121. Mudslides caused by heavy rains sweep through Mocoa, Colombia killing more than 200

    Mudslides caused by heavy rains sweep through Mocoa, Colombia killing more than 200

  122. British pensioner Robert Weighton becomes the world's oldest man at 112 years

    British pensioner Robert Weighton becomes the world's oldest man at 112 years

  123. Alfred Aho and Jeffrey Ullman win computing's Turing Award for their work inventing computer program compilers

    The ACM A. M. Turing Award is an annual prize given by the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) for contributions of lasting and major technical importance to computer science.

  124. First truly complete sequence of a human genome published by Telomere-to-Telomere (T2T) consortium, after breakthroughs

    First truly complete sequence of a human genome published by Telomere-to-Telomere (T2T) consortium, after breakthroughs in new technology (previously just over 90% coded) [1]

  125. Large storm system crosses the mid US from Mississippi and Alabama to Illinois and Wisconsin, unleashing numerous tornad

    Large storm system crosses the mid US from Mississippi and Alabama to Illinois and Wisconsin, unleashing numerous tornadoes and leaving at least 32 dead [1]

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