On This Day

Roman Emperor Constantius II closes all pagan temples

Persecution of pagans in the late Roman Empire began during the reign of Constantine the Great (r. 306–337) in the military colony of Aelia Capitolina (Jerusalem), when he destroyed a pagan temple...

Persecution of pagans in the late Roman Empire began during the reign of Constantine the Great (r. 306–337) in the military colony of Aelia Capitolina (Jerusalem), when he destroyed a pagan temple for the purpose of constructing a Christian church. Rome had periodically confiscated church properties, and Constantine was vigorous in reclaiming them whenever these issues were brought to his attention. Christian historians alleged that Hadrian (2nd century) had constructed a temple to Venus on the site of the crucifixion of Jesus on Golgotha hill in order to suppress Christian veneration there. Constantine used that to justify the temple's destruction, saying he was simply reclaiming the property.

Historical Significance

Persecution of pagans in the late Roman Empire began during the reign of Constantine the Great (r.

Key People

Constantius II

Roman emperor from 337 to 361

Roman emperor from 337 to 361

Events Before

  1. Roman Emperor Constans is assassinated and the general Magnentius proclaims himself the new Emperor

    Roman Emperor Constans is assassinated and the general Magnentius proclaims himself the new Emperor

  2. Roman usurper Nepotianus of the Constantinian dynasty proclaims himself Roman Emperor and enters Rome at the head of a g

    Roman usurper Nepotianus of the Constantinian dynasty proclaims himself Roman Emperor and enters Rome at the head of a group of gladiators

  3. Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, is defeated and killed by troops of the usurper Magnentius, in R

    Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, is defeated and killed by troops of the usurper Magnentius, in Rome

  4. Liberius begins his reign as Catholic Pope replacing Julius I

    Liberius begins his reign as Catholic Pope replacing Julius I

  5. Roman Emperor Constantius gives grand circus and theater shows to mark 30th year of his reign as Caesar in Arles

    Roman Emperor Constantius gives grand circus and theater shows to mark 30th year of his reign as Caesar in Arles

Events After

  1. Battle of Strasbourg: Roman Caesar Julian defeats the Alamanni tribal confederation led by King Chnodomar, who is captur

    Battle of Strasbourg: Roman Caesar Julian defeats the Alamanni tribal confederation led by King Chnodomar, who is captured and taken to Rome in chains

  2. Honoratus, first known Prefect of the City of Constantinople, takes office, after the Emperor Constantius creates a new

    Honoratus, first known Prefect of the City of Constantinople, takes office, after the Emperor Constantius creates a new senate for the East

  3. Athanasius returns to Alexandria

    Athanasius returns to Alexandria

  4. Emperor Julianus of Constantinople's "School Edict" prohibit Christian teachers from using pagan literature, which was s

    Emperor Julianus of Constantinople's "School Edict" prohibit Christian teachers from using pagan literature, which was standard text for classical education at the time

  5. The temple of Apollo at Daphne, outside of Antioch, is destroyed in a mysterious fire

    The temple of Apollo at Daphne, outside of Antioch, is destroyed in a mysterious fire

More from the 350s

Frequently Asked Questions

What happened on February 19, 356?
Persecution of pagans in the late Roman Empire began during the reign of Constantine the Great (r. 306–337) in the military colony of Aelia Capitolina (Jerusalem), when he destroyed a pagan temple for the purpose of constructing a Christian church. Rome had periodically confiscated church properties, and Constantine was vigorous in reclaiming them whenever these issues were brought to his attention.
Why is Roman Emperor Constantius II closes all pagan temples significant?
Persecution of pagans in the late Roman Empire began during the reign of Constantine the Great (r.
Who was involved in Roman Emperor Constantius II closes all pagan temples?
Key figures include Constantius II (Roman emperor from 337 to 361).

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