The Indian independence movement was a series of political efforts from the middle of the nineteenth century to 1947, that took place in the Indian subcontinent with the aim of ending British colonial rule.
The first nationalistic movement took root when the Indian National Congress was formed in 1885. Prominent moderate leaders of the INC worked on such demands as the right to appear for Indian Civil Service examinations in British India, more economic rights for the Indians, among other rights.
The first half of the 20th century saw a progressively radical approach towards self-rule.