Ali Akbar Hashemi Bahramani Rafsanjani (né Bahramani; 25 August 1934 – 8 January 2017) was an Iranian Shia cleric and politician who was the fourth president of Iran from 1989 to 1997. One of the founding fathers of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Rafsanjani was the head of the Assembly of Experts from 2007 until 2011 when he decided not to nominate himself for the post. He was also the chairman of the Expediency Discernment Council.
During his 40-year tenure, Rafsanjani amassed a large amount of power serving as the speaker of parliament, Commander-in-Chief during the Iran–Iraq War, president, and chose Ali Khamenei as the Supreme Leader of Iran.
Rafsanjani became President of Iran after winning the 1989 election. He served another term by winning the election in 1993.